Municipalities (and Sheriff Departments) cannot be held liable solely because they are the employer of a law enforcement officer who committed an alleged constitutional violation (such as excessive force) or state tort (such as assault and battery). Instead, the law requires a showing of some wrongdoing performed by the municipality or law enforcement entity itself. This course involves an in-depth review of the policies and procedures of the law enforcement entity so as to ensure that those policies and procedures effectively limit the liability the law enforcement entity may have in a situation in which its law enforcement personnel have been sued for alleged wrongdoing. The course will also address the importance that informal customs may have when determining whether the entity may be sued for the wrongdoing of its personnel.